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Chapters
00:00 Presentation
0:29 How incandescent bulbs work
1:40 How LED bulbs work
2:54 Uses
3:54 Properties
4:50 p.m. Sponsorship
5:35 p.m. Cost
6:18 a.m. Heat
7:38 Color accuracy
8:52 Blue light issues
9:20 a.m. Conclusion
Let's start with how incandescent bulbs work. The key component is a 6-foot-long piece of coiled tungsten metal. Tungsten has a very high melting point and high resistivity. However, the electricity is having difficulty getting through. The tungsten atoms are heated and the electrons temporarily move to higher energy levels. When the electrons return to their original energy levels, they release additional energy in the form of photons or light. This phenomenon is called incandescence. Two nickel-plated copper wires support the tungsten filament. These are connected to the aluminum base of the bulb and the screw threads. An inert gas like argon or krypton fills the glass bulb. Ordinary air would quickly oxidize the filament and the bulb would burn out within seconds.
Light-emitting diode or LED bulbs work very differently. Their key component is a semiconductor material. They constitute a diode which allows current to flow in only one direction. N-type material has extra electrons and is negatively charged. The p-type material has electron-deficient holes and is positively charged. Applying an electric current to the diode pushes the atoms of the two materials toward the junction area. Electrons move from n-type material to p-type material and release energy in the form of photons or light. In addition to the diode or chip, LED bulbs consist of a driver that regulates the input current, a heat sink that carries heat away from the chip, a socket or base and with a durable plastic lens.
Incandescent bulbs have a shorter lifespan of 1,500 hours, after which the tungsten element burns out. LED bulbs have a longer lifespan of 30,000 hours. Added to this is the concept of planned obsolescence. In the past, incandescent fixtures had a separate base and bulb. When the bulb burns out, you can easily replace it and continue using the fixture. These days, ultra-thin LED recessed lights like this one are fully integrated. If it stops working, you can't just replace a bulb.
Incandescent bulbs have no electronics, so they can be used inside ovens or hoods. LEDs cannot withstand high temperatures and should therefore never be used in ovens. They can melt, release toxic fumes and cause health problems. Incandescent bulbs can take some time to reach full brightness. Most LED bulbs are instant-on, meaning they will reach full brightness as soon as they are turned on. However, some inexpensive LEDs are current sensitive.
All incandescent bulbs are dimmable. They can go from 100% to 0%. Not all LEDs are dimmable. If you try to cut off some of the electricity, you will put strain on your LED driver and shorten its lifespan. You should always make sure you have a compatible switch for dimmable LEDs. Buzzing or buzzing is another common problem with LED lighting. This is mainly due to vibrations of the electronic components inside the lamp.
Incandescent bulbs are the purest artificial light source. Their spectrum is almost identical to that of daylight. The measurement of how colors appear when illuminated by a light bulb is called color rendering index or CRI. Incandescent bulbs have a CRI close to 100 or daylight. LED bulbs can vary greatly, from 80 to 98.
Let's finish this comparison by talking about blue light issues. There is a lot of research being done on the side effects of using LEDS. They emit more blue light than incandescent bulbs, which are more on the red end of the spectrum. Blue light can disrupt your circadian rhythm and negatively affect your ability to fall asleep. They can also trigger migraines, cause eye strain, nausea, and vision loss in extreme cases.
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SOURCES:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v6XxcVg2Dfck Thoisoi2 – Chemical experiments
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